Makalah pneumonia scribd pdf

Viral pneumonia does not require antibiotics instead antiviral medications are prescribed. Know the complications of pneumonia in children and their appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Pulmonary infections the two key decisions in initial empiric therapy are whether the patient has risk factors for healthcareassociated pneumonia, in which case the antibiotic guidelines for adult healthcareassociated pneumonia must be used. People with pneumonia often have a cough, fever or chills, difficulty breathing, low energy and poor appetite. Makalah ini disusun sebagai syarat untuk memenuhi salah satu tugas mata kuliah sistem respirasi. For both types of pneumonia there is variation in care and areas of. Pemberian kemoterapi harus berdasarkan pentunjuk penemuan kuman penyebab infeksi hasil kultur spatum dan tes sensitivitas kuman terhadap antibodi. Diagnosis and treatment of communityacquired pneumonia.

Is an inflammatory process of the lung parenchyma that is commonly caused by infectious agents. Pneumonia when you have pneumonia, the air sacs in the lungs fill with infection or mucus. Causes, symptoms, treatment, preventive measures, and prognosis differ depending on whether the infection is bacterial, mycobacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic. Contoh susunan makalah lengkap yang baik dan benar contoh.

Pengobatan pneumocystis pneumonia pada kasus ringan dapat ditatalaksana secara oral atau rawat jalan. Makalah farmakologi tentang prinsip pemberian obat asuhan keperawatan kesehatan. Guidance we have withdrawn this guideline during the covid19 pandemic. Management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults working group of the south african thoracic society 1. It is thus distinguished from communityacquired pneumonia.

Empirical selection of antibiotic treatment is the cornerstone of management of patients with pneumonia. Pneumonia mikoplasma, suatu pneumonia yang relatif sering dijumpai, disebabkan oleh suatu mikroorganisme yang berdasarkan beberapoa aspeknya, berada di antara bakteri dan virus. Asuhan keperawatan pada klien dengan bronkopneumonia 1. Bab i pendahuluan pneumonia sebenarnya bukan penyakit baru. Lowe, cyprian muyodi, esther getambu, fergus gleeson and j. Pada banyak kasus, virus ini hanya menyebabkan infeksi pernapasan ringan, seperti flu. Sedangkan pada kasus sedang hingga berat biasanya memerlukan perawatan di rumah sakit dan pemberian obat secara intravena. Bacteria were first seen in the airways of individuals who died from pneumonia edwin klebs in 1875. The individual usually takes one to three weeks to recover.

Acute respiratory infection and pneumonia in india. Pneumonia is caused by a bacteria, virus or chemical. Baixe no formato pdf, txt ou leia online no scribd. Latar belakang pneumonia adalah proses infeksi akut yang mengenai. Unduh sebagai doc, pdf, txt atau baca online dari scribd.

Pneumonia pada balita paling sering disebabkan oleh virus pernafasan dan. Sometimes a person will have nausea, diarrhea, andor chest pain. Dec 20, 2012 asuhan keperawatan pada klien dengan bronkopneumonia 1. Oct 19, 2012 selain oleh pengaruh negatif faktor sosial ekonomi, budaya yang berperan terhadap kejadian malnutrisi umumnya, keseimbangan nitrogen yang negatif dapat pula disebabkan oleh diare kronik, malabsorpsi protein, hilangnya protein melalui air kemih sindrom nefrotik, infeksi menahun, luka bakar dan penyakit hati. Use our covid19 rapid guidelines on managing suspected or confirmed pneumonia in adults in the community and antibiotics for pneumonia in adults in hospital. Although neisseria meningitidis is one of the major causes of meningitis, meningococcal pneumonia is the most common nonneurological organ disease caused by this pathogen. Communityacquired pneumonia patient education booklet. Dari aspek penguasaan keilmuan maupun dari cara penyajiannya, penulis memiliki keterbatasan. Who memperkirakan kematian akibat pneumonia mencapai 10% 20% pertahun dari seluruh jumlah bila tidak diberi pengobatan2. It is the leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death in the united states and exacts an enormous cost in economic and human terms.

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. The second key factor that must be considered is the immune status of the patient. Baixe no formato docx, pdf, txt ou leia online no scribd. Latar belakang bronkopneumonia disebut juga pneumonia lobularis yaitu suatu peradangan pada parenkim paru. Signs of pneumonia breathing faster than normal or having trouble breathing pain. Annually, there are an estimated 120160 million clinical pneumonia. Lemonovich, md, university hospitals case medical center, cleveland, ohio c ommunityacquired pneumonia cap is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection, rather than a virus. Communityacquired pneumonia causes great mortality and morbidity and high costs worldwide. Individu yang mengidap acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, aids sering mengalami pneumonia yang pada orang normal sangat jarang terjadi yaitu pneumocystis carinii.

In adults it is mostly caused by bacteria whereas in children and infants it is commonly due to viruses. Symptoms may come on quickly or may worsen slowly over time. The pneumonia severity index should be used to assist in decisions regarding hospitalization of patients with cap. Watkins, md, ms, akron general medical center, akron, ohio tracy l. Saluran pernafasan dari hidung sampai bronkhus dilapisi oleh membran mukosa bersilia, udara yang masuk melalui rongga hidung disaring, dihangatkan dan dilembabkan. Management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults. Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in the world and the sixth most common cause of death in the united states. Sebenarnya ada banyak artikel tentang contoh makalah yang lengkap, baik dan benar di internet, tapi mudahmudahan tulisan kali ini bisa membantu anda dengan menyajikan secara lebih detail bagaimana mudahnya menyusun makalah secara baik dan benar dengan berpedoman pada kerangka makalah yang meskipun bisa berbedabeda antara institusi tempat dimana anda belajar yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Istilah hiv telah digunakan sejak 1986 coffin et al. To reduce the misuse of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, and sidee. The incidence of nosocomial pneumonia is highest in icu. Uniquely positioned at the interface between respiratory medicine and infectious diseases, pneumonia is the only journal to focus exclusively on pneumonia. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia disebabkan oleh suatu organisme yang disebut pneumocystis jirovecii.

Overview of pneumonia merck manuals professional edition. Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide. Treatment for pneumonia usually depends on the type of pneumonia, bacterial or viral. Namun, virus ini juga bisa menyebabkan infeksi pernapasan berat, seperti infeksi paruparu pneumonia, middleeast respiratory syndrome mers, dan severe acute respiratory syndrome sars. Bacterial the most common cause of pneumonia viral pneumonia fungal pneumonia chemical pneumonia ingestion of kerosene or inhalation of irritating substance inhalation pneumonia aspiration pneumonia. May 31, 2017 oleh karena itu, pada makalah ini akan di bahas salah satu rute pemberian obat, yaitu rute pemberian obat secara parenteral, memberikan obat pada pasien dengan menginjeksinya ke dalam tubuh. Sep 16, 2019 we have withdrawn this guideline during the covid19 pandemic. What pneumonia does when you have pneumonia your lungs are inflamed or infected. It is possible to have pneumonia without a cough or fever. Diagnosis and management of communityacquired pneumonia in. Unduh sebagai docx, pdf, txt atau baca online dari scribd.

Communityacquired pneumonia education booklet outpatient page 1 updated june 2009 what is pneumonia. The other bacteria which cause communityacquired pneumonia besides streptococcus pneumoniae are haemophilus infuenzae, staphylococcus. The air spaces fill with pus and other liquids, so oxygen cant reach your blood. Physical or chemical injury to the lungs can also result in the condition.

Latar belakang pneumonia adalah infeksi saluran pernafasan akut bagian bawah yang mengenai parenkim paru. Makalah tentang virus corona covid 19 artikel pendidikan. Berdasarkan faktor lingkungan f pneumonia komunitas f pneumonia. Introduction pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung parenchyma distal to the terminal bronchiole, most commonly bacterial in nature, and associated with clinical andor radiological evidence of. Pneumonia dapat diobati melalui kemoterapi dan pengobatan umum. Pneumonia free download as powerpoint presentation. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Pneumonia has been a common disease throughout human history.

Danger signs yes refer to hospital give antibiotics. The study noted that the sensitivity and specifcity of wuh criteria was 78% and 65%, respectively. Kematian balita karena pneumoni secara nasional diperkirakan 6 per balita per tahun atau sekitar 150. Presentasi, makalah penelitian, dokumen legal, dan lainnya. Introduction nosocomial pneumonia is the 2nd most common hospitalacquired infections after uti.

Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Makalah farmakologi tentang prinsip pemberian obat. Pneumonia 15 pneumonia is a lung infection involving the lung alveoli air sacs and can be caused by microbes, including bacteria, viruses, or fungi. A ct scan also shows the airway trachea and bronchi in great detail and can help determine if pneumonia may be related to a problem within the airway. Asuhan keperawatan pada klien dengan bronkopneumonia. Noveldi pitna 143010036 program studi ilmu keperawatan fakultas kesehatan universitas patria artha makasssar 20152016 2. Pneumonia is usually caused due to an infection with a bacteria, virus, fungi or parasite.

It is the number one cause of death from infectious diseases in the united states. Introduction the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated patients was 10fold higher than nonventilated patients the reported crude mortality for hap is 30% to greater than 70%. Occurring at least 48 hours after admission and not incubating at the time of hospitalization. Pneumonia, antibiotics, child communityacquired pneumonia is the leading global cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Nosocomial pneumonia is the leading cause of death from hospitalacquired infections. Diagnosis and management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults richard r. Pengobatan pneumocystis pneumonia tergantung pada berat ringannya penyakit. According to the infectious disease society of america idsa, pneumonia is the sixth leading cause of death in the usa, with greater than 14% mortality among hospitalized patients.

Makalah farmakologi tentang prinsip pemberian obat makalah. American thoracic society documents 389 scopically or nonbronchoscopically, and can be cultured quantitatively or semiquantitatively. Pneumonia is acute inflammation of the lungs caused by infection. Pendahuluan pneumocystis jirovecii pneumoniamerupakan penyakit infeksi paru yang biasanya menyerang pasien dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang menurun. Treatment of communityonset pneumonia in neutropenic cancer patients. Selain oleh pengaruh negatif faktor sosial ekonomi, budaya yang berperan terhadap kejadian malnutrisi umumnya, keseimbangan nitrogen yang negatif dapat pula disebabkan oleh diare kronik, malabsorpsi protein, hilangnya protein melalui air kemih sindrom nefrotik, infeksi menahun, luka bakar dan penyakit hati. Initial diagnosis is usually based on chest xray and clinical findings. Signs of pneumonia breathing faster than normal or having trouble breathing pain in the chest when breathing or coughing. Contoh susunan makalah lengkap yang baik dan benar.

American lung associationmisalnya, menyebutkan hingga tahun 1936 pneumonia menjadi penyebabkematian nomor satu di amerika. A ct scan can also show complications of pneumonia, abscesses or pleural effusions and enlarged lymph nodes. Iv no assess for chest indrawing yes no refer to hospital give antibiotics. Penyakit ini merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian pada penderita immunocompromised seperti pada penderita human. Pneumonia is a lung infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Individuals with bacterial pneumonia are usually treated using antibiotics to cure the infection. Initial work identifying the two common bacterial causes streptococcus pneumoniae and klebsiella pneumoniae was performed. Sebenarnya ada banyak artikel tentang contoh makalah yang lengkap, baik dan benar di internet, tapi mudahmudahan tulisan kali ini bisa membantu anda dengan menyajikan secara lebih detail bagaimana mudahnya menyusun makalah secara baik dan benar dengan berpedoman pada kerangka makalah yang meskipun bisa berbedabeda antara institusi tempat dimana anda belajar yang satu dengan yang. Makalah bakteri klebsiella pneumonia dedes tiya academia. Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat allah swt yang telah memberikan taufik dan rahmatnya sehingga memungkinkan penulis dapat menyelesaikan makalah ini dengan judul pneumonia. Ivpencillin very severe disease danger signs include cyanosis, convulsions, severe malnutrition, difficult to wake, not able to drink severe pneumonia assess for fast breathing. To identify, synthesize and summarize current evidence to guide scaling up of management of childhood acute. When you breathe in, oxygenrich air travels into the body through the airways trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles in your lungs.